Accessibility Tools

  • Introduction

    To ensure small farmers get maximum results from orchards, technology the following must be practiced (divided by goal):

    A : Achieving The Youthfulness

    Technology Types
    1. Latex Timber Clone(LTC) (2 Whirl Hard Leaves)
    2. Crop Density (450 - 500 Trees / Hectare)
    3. 10% @ Embroidery Area (1 Year After Planted)
    4. Weeding By Schedule
    5. Fertilizing By Schedule
    6. Controlled Crop
    7. Control Area @ 1% Disease
         I. Leaf
        II. Trunk/Branch
       III. Root

    B : Achieving Yield Production > 1500 Kg/Ha/yr

    Technology Types
    1. Crop Production (Ethephon Stimulus)

        Mature Tree < 15 Years BO-1/BO-2 (Virgin Skin)
        Mature Tree > 15 Years B1-1/B1-2 (Write Back of Skin)

    2. Crop Production (Gas Boost) (Mature Tree > 15 Years HO-Virgin Skin)

        REACTORRIM
        RRIMFLOW
        LET SISTEM
        G-FLEX
        MORTEX

    3. Number of Days is Tapped (7 - 9 Days/Months D3) or (84 - 108 Days/Years D3)
    4. Weeding By Schedule
    5. Fertilizing By Schedule
    6. Installation of Rain Proof Tool

    C : Contribution To Earnings For Smallholders

    Technology Types
    1. Integration In Rubber Plantation
    2. Cash Crop Cultivation
    3. Permanent Crop
    4. Livestock/Aquaculture

  • Achieving The Youthfulness

    Achieving Yield Production > 1500 Kg/Ha/yr

    1. Crop Production-Ethephon Stimulus

    Production of latex can be boosted through the use of chemical ethephon, which is integrated with the medium such as palm oil and other peravis inert. This material acts to slow down occurrence of the LaTeX during tapping. Therefore, a long time given for LaTeX to flow out.

    1.1. Mature Trees < 15 years BO-1-BO-2 (Virgin Skin)
    In this tapping on the panel of Ethephon used by tapping the strength and frequency of use depending on the system of tapping and the age of the tree.

    1.2. Mature Trees > 15 years B1-1/B1-2 (Write Back of Skin)
    Rubber trees aged 15 years and above can use the tool Ethephon in addition to the stimulus tools such as gas RRIMFLOW, REACTORRIM, LET the system, G-FLEX and MORTEX.

    2. Crop Production - Gas Boost

    (Mature Trees > 15 years HO-Virgin Skin)

    The principal criteria suitable to practice the techniques of gas stimulation:

    Aged 15 years or more
    Trees should be healthy and have good foliage without serious disease without problems.
    The practice of tapping and use of stimulants or both is not practiced in exaggeration. Trees still has at least 50% of Virgin skin panel on gas stimulation technique used before.

    Trees in gardens have no history of cleaning the skin.

    Following are the results Of the increase in revenue Once Operates A Gas Stimulation (by RISDA Nursery and landscaping Sdn. Bhd.-RSSB)

    Types of stimulus RRIMFLOW REACTORRIM LET SISTEM ETEFON KAWALAN
    % Increase 211% 192%  149%  113%  00

    2.1   REACTORRIM

    2.2.   RRIMFLOW

    2.3.   LET SISTEM

    2.4    G-FLEX

    G-FLEX is a new stimulant technique releases Malaysian rubber Board (MRB) using etilina as a stimulant which is supplied directly to the skin rubber trees once the inflatable and collapsible container installed.
    This technique allows tapping carried out 48 hours after installation the first time completion, and 24 hours after gas supply next do.
    G-FLEX concepts stimulation cycle, which supply gas etilina on an ongoing basis at a rate of a slow cooker, and stimulant technique which supply gas on a periodic basis.
    It was developed with features that more user-friendly, easy-to-install leak-resistant, as well as its market price which is much cheaper than other gas stimulus tool without significant yield differences.
    G-FLEX can improve the efficiency of the stimulant technique G-FLEX and Tapper, to enable smallholder productivity and income.

    2.5 MORTEX

    MORTEX is etefon-based formulations, used to enable young rubber trees, encouraged more frequently from the trees open grooves tapping.
    MORTEX enables enhanced application frequency up to eight times a year compared to the previous (only two to three times a year) from the start tapping.
    Practice stimulates rubber trees must be stopped for a while especially in leaf season, between three to four months a year.
    The profile results in one ethephon showed an increase in revenue occurred in 10 to 14 days before returning to the original level before ethephon.
    MORTEX usage cost is cheap and easy to use. Ethephon had limitations because it only serves to delay the occurrence of freezing palaman LaTeX LaTeX channels on the surface.
    Not only do MORTEX serves as ethephon it could help stabilise the rubber latex production for something round stimulation cycle (up to 8 cycles).
    Although the use of more often, dryness of the skin was low.

    3. Number of Days is Tapped

    (7-9 Days/Months d/3) or (84-108 Days/Years d/3)

    The number of days tapping to play an important role in determining the effectiveness of the implementation of the LITS (Lower Frequency Tapping System). The total revenue earned by a smallholders.

    4. Weeding By Schedule

    At the beginning, weed control can be said often, but increasingly rare circumstances the auspices of rubber trees getting bigger and widespread jemalanya and weed conditions weakening.

    Weed control cycles (tree adults)

     

    Year All Crop Lane
    (Rotation Intended/Yr)
      
    * Between Crop Lane
    (Rotation Intended/Yr)
     5  4  3
     6  3  3
     7  2  -
     8  2  -
     9  1  -
     10  1  -

     

    5. Fertilizing By Schedule

    Fertilizer is an important source of food for plants, especially rubber. Fertilizer and orderly on schedule as well as the appropriate application techniques giving a great impact to the production of LaTeX.
    For rubber trees mature, soil and leaf analysis must be carried out for the purpose of making recommendations fertilizing discrimination. The area must be free from weeds, sprinkled fertilizer on average in the entire area.
    Avoid fertilizing during drought or heavy rain.
    Recommendation Of Application Of Matured Rubber For Rubber Smallholders Individual

    Fertilizer Type Kampit/ Hectare Months After Planting Type of Fertilizer Fertilizer Rates per plant
    RISDA 4
    (8 kampit)
    72 RISDA 2 (gram)
    450
    (pot)
    1 2/3


    @Small Pot sweetened condensed milk content its weight equivalent to about 350 grams of fertilizer.
    RISDA 4 = NPK 10 : 6 : 21 (kampit 25 kg)

    Matched from recommendations by the Malaysian Rubber Board (MRB)

    6. Installation of Rain Proof Tool

    Sagging from water to the base of the tree through jemala unable membasahkan tapping panel and makes it difficult for LaTeX flow into the Bowl the next day. Installing a conducting out precipitation on tree trunks found can overcome this problem.
    A waterproof rain ' Rain Gutter '

  • Achieving Yield Production

    Youth Achieve Goals Period < 4 1/2 Years

    Achieving Goals Youth Period
    (Principal Youth)

    To ensure that the rubber trees reach adolescence period is less than 4 1/2 years , small farmers must adopt the following technologies :


    1. Latex Timber Clone ( LTC ) - 2 Swirl Hard Leaves


    Planting must use LTC clones with 2 leaves swirl hard . Latex timber clones are a result of production of latex and rubber wood high . Clone clone showed good growth as fertility and growth and long straight stems .
    Examples of Latex Timber Clone ( LTC )

     GROUP 1 GROUP 2
    PB 260 RRIM 2001 RRIM 2016
    PB 350 RRIM 2002 RRIM 2023
    PB 355   RRIM 2024
    PB 359   RRIM 2025
        RRIM 2026


    GROUP ( 1 )
    TO BE PLANTED IN LIMITED ( NOT MORE THAN 20 % )

    GROUP ( 2 )
    TO BE PLANTED IN BROAD ( NOT MORE THAN 80 % )


    2. Crop Density - 450-500 Trees / Hectare

    Optimum number of trees per hectare and the number of farms is to be there at the age of
    3 years after the slots open , which is about 7 1/2 years from the date it was planted.

    Purpose:
    • Get the number of trees the lush life.
    • Optimize the cost of planting, maintenance and procurement.
    • Optimal results .
    • Reduce the tapping panel disease .
    • Optimize skin recovery when tapped later.


    3. 10 % @ Embroidery Area - 1 Year After Planted

    If there is a dead tree , embroidery must be made ​​within one year from the date of planting trees .

    Seeds for embroidery must peer in terms of the size of the circumference of the trunk to ensure the tree reaches maturity the same time with other trees in an area . This exercise will be more easily implemented if 10% of the seeds have been provided from the surplus when working plant first.

    The objective of this stitching is carried out to :
    1 . Ensure adequate number of trees per hectare .
    2 . Getting maximum results.
    3 . Uniformity in growth .


    4. Weeding By Schedule

    Weeds should always be controlled because it competes with rubber and can affect growth. For young rubber trees where the bark is still green , weed control using chemicals should be done with caution. Lane 2 meter wide crop of weeds to be controlled especially vicious weeds .
    Weeds should be controlled so that the lane is not more than 60 cm high. Weed violent as weeds should be eliminated altogether.

    Round No. Weed Control ( young trees )

     Year The Alley Crops
    ( Number )
    * Between Lane Plant
    ( Number )
    1 4 - 6 6
    2 4 - 6 4
    3 4 3
    4 4 3

    *Weeds that grow in between the ground cover legumes only.

    Some Kind of Weed Violent and control

    Type of Weed Type of Pesticide Herbicide rates per hectare + 450 Litre water Poison rate (Ml) +
    18 Litre water
     Asystasia gargentica(herba jejentik)  2,4-D Amine  3.0  120
     Chromolaena odorata (pokok kapal terbang)  Garlon 250  2.0  80
     Dicranopteris linearis (paku resam)  Paraquat  4.0  160
    Imperata cylindrica (lalang) Assault 100A atau Glyphosate 7.5
    6.0
    280
    240
    Mikania micrantha(selaput tunggul) 2,4-D Amine 2.0 80
    Pennisetum polystachyon
    (rumput ekor kuda)
    Assault 100A atau Glyphosate 7.5 280
    Stenochlaena palustris (paku rawan) Paraquat 4.0 160
    Elusine indica
    (rumput sambau)
    Glyphosate 4.0 160
    Melastoma malabathricum (senduduk) Garlon 250 2.0 80
    Ischaemum muticum (rumput tembaga jantan) Glyphosate 3.0 120


    5. Fertilizing By Schedule

    Fertilizer is an important food source for plants especially rubber . Proper and regular fertilizing schedule and proper fertilization techniques has a great impact on the production of latex.

    For young rubber trees ( 1-2 years) fertilizer sprinkled around the plants .
    For old rubber trees 2-4 years , the average fertilizer sprinkled along the aisle / row crop wide as 2 - 3.5 meters, except 60 cm around the tree.

    Do not operate the fertilizer in drought or heavy rain .

    Fertiliser Recommendations for Smallholder Rubber Rubber Individuals

    Installment Fertilizer type Kampit / Hectare Month after Planting Type of Fertilizer Fertilizer rates per plant
     1  Debu Fosfat
    (1 kampit)
    RISDA 1
    (6 kampit)
     0
    (lubang tanam)
    1
    2 1/2
    4
    5 1/2
     Debu Fosfat
    RISDA 1
    RISDA 1
    RISDA 1
    RISDA 1
     (gram)
    100
    50
    70
    100
    100
    (pot)
    1/3
    1/7
    1/5
    2/7
     
     2  RISDA 1
    (11 kampit)
    7
    9
    11
    13
    15
    RISDA 1
    RISDA 1
    RISDA 1
    RISDA 1
    RISDA 1
    100
    100
    150
    150
    150
    2/7
    2/7
    2/5
    2/5
    2/5
     3  RISDA 1
    (14 kampit)
    18
    21
    24
    27
    RISDA 1
    RISDA 1
    RISDA 1
    RISDA 1
    150
    200
    200
    250
    2/5
    4/7
    4/7
    4/7
     4  RISDA 1
    (16 kampit)
    30
    34
    38
    RISDA 1
    RISDA 1
    RISDA 1
    300
    300
    300
    6/7
    6/7
    6/7
     5  RISDA 2
    (24 kampit)
    42
    46
    50
    RISDA 2
    RISDA 2
    RISDA 2
    450
    450
    450
    1 2/3
    1 2/3
    1 2/3
     6  RISDA 2
    (16 kampit)
    56
    62
     RISDA 2
    RISDA 2
    450
    450
    1 2/3
    1 2/3

    @ Pot little sweetened condensed milk weight content equal to about 350 grams of fertilizer .
    RISDA 1 = NPK Mg. 9 : 14: 8 : 2 ( bags of 25 kg )
    RISDA 2 = NPK 10 : 12 : 13 ( bag of 25 kg )
    Adapted from recommendations by the Malaysian Rubber Board ( MRB )


    6. Controlled Crop

    Basically not allowed branchy tree sap until it reaches a height of 300 centimeters for the needs and allows job of tapping . But the final height depends on the policy of exploitation at a time .
    To achieve a smooth trunk and this update , crop control must be carried out by removing the lower branches once the three- vortex formation on a tree branch .

    7. Control Area @ 1 % Disease



    7.1 Leaf
    Attack through the leaves should be given serious consideration as it can affect the health of rubber and latex production . The leaf diseases are:

    <thstyle="text-align: center;"="">Treatment </thstyle="text-align:>
    No. Name of Disease  Fungus Poison
     1. Kulapok Berdebu Belerang Pendebuan belerang pada pucuk-pucuk yang baru keluar pada kadar 9 kg/ha setiap minggu sebanyak  5 - 6 kali
     2. Penyakit Daun Colletotrichum 2% Daconil 50WP Sembur racun kulat seminggu sekali sehingga daun matang.
     3. Bintik Mata Burung 1. Antracol
    2. Dithane-M45
    Sembur dengan 0.5% salah satu racun kulat setiap minggu pada daun muda.
     4. Penyakit Daun Luruh Phytophthrora Kuprum Oksiklorida Sembur racun kulat pada kadar 1.2 kg/ha a.i. sebelum ketibaan musim monsun.


    7.2 Trunk / Branch

    The branches of the tree trunk , branch and tapping panel also suffer from bouts of illness . Among these are :

     No. Name of Disease  Fungus Poison Treatment
     1. Mushroom Wind 1. Campuran Bordeaux (1 kg kuprum sulfat : 2 kg. Kapur mati : 100 liter air)
    2. Callixin Readymixed
    3. Daconil Flowable 500
    - sembur pada batang atau dahan yang berpenyakit seminggu sekali (untuk getah yang belum ditoreh)
    - sapu pada tempat yang berpenyakit (boleh dilakukan pada pokok getah muda dan dewasa)
    - bancuh racun mengikut syor (3% a.i.) dan sembur pada tempat berpenyakit ( boleh diguna pada pokok getah muda dan dewasa)
     2. Bad Mushroom  0.5% Benlate Sapu atau sembur panel dan alur torehan selepas menoreh 2 kali seminggu selepas torehan selama 3 - 4 minggu (bergantung kepada keparahan penyakit).
     3. Black Scratches  0.2% Ridomil 25WP Sapu atau sembur panel dan alur torehan setiap kali selepas menoreh 2 kali seminggu selama 4 - 6 minggu (bergantung kepada keparahan penyakit).


    7.3 Roots

    Root disease is the most deadly disease in the rubber caused by fungus , which initially attacked the root bark . It penetrates the bark, roots become obsolete and dead trees. It can spread from tree to tree through the roots and meeting its antifungal spores are spread by wind .
    There are 3 main root disease :

     No.  Name of Disease  Fungus Poison  Treatment
     1. Penyakit Akar Putih (Rigidoporous lignosus) Bayleton / Tilt Gali alur sekeliling pangkal pokok. Sediakan bancuhan racun kulat mengikut syor dan siram di seliling pokok yang dijangkiti penyakit tersebut:
    Bayleton : pokok < 2 thn : 10g / 1 liter air
    pokok 2-5 thn : 20g / 2 liter air
    Tilt : pokok < 2 thn : 10g / 1 liter air
    pokok 2-5 thn : 20g / 2 liter air
     2. Penyakit Akar Merah (Ganoderma philippi) Calixin Collar Protectant Gali sehingga mendedahkan pangkal akar tunjang dan akar sisinya. Cantas bahagian akar sisinya yang telah reput atau berpenyakit. Sapu racun kulat pada akar tunjang dan akar sisi yang telah terdedah
     3. Penyakit Akar Perang (Phellinus noxius) Calixin Collar Protectant  
  • Contribution To Earnings For Smallholders

    1. Integration In Rubber Plantation

    For crop diversification from a limited area.

    To avoid the suspension of income from one crop type.

    The perfect farming business means the success of the use of land at the maximum rate and competitive high volume production. With a variety of crops and livestock, the production of a farm can be increased. Through the efforts of integration vast farming land not capable of giving high yields. Integration is defined as working on other crops or livestock in addition to its main cultivation of rubber.
    Cash Crop Cultivation

    eg. : Chilli, pineapple, lemongrass, soybean, peanut, banana corn.

    Permanent Crops

    eg. : Cempedak, starfruit, rambutan, duku, durian.

    Livestock / Aquaculture

    eg. : Livestock (goat, chicken, cow, duck), Aquaculture (fish, prawn)

  • Rubber Technology

    Farms Development

    No. Title Attachment
     1. Soil Preparation Technique ( Hill and Flat ) Download
     2. Agricultural Road Construction Download
     3. Construct Terrace Technique Download
     4. Construct Trench Download
     5. Fence Technique Download
     6. Range Technique Download
     7. Planting Peanut Ground Cover Technique Download
     8. Holing Technique in Rubber Plantation Download
     9. Plantation With Density Over 500 Trees per Hectare Download


    The Selection Of Clones And Planting

    No. Title Attachment
     1. Clone Usage By Using 'Enviromak'             Download
     2. BCMP Seed and Double Storey Leaves Download
     3. Rubber Seed Plantation Technique Download
     4. Internal Plantation Technique Download


    Management Of Young Rubber

    No. Title Attachment
     1. Fertilization of Young Rubber                                 Download
     2. Branch Support Technique Download
     3. Branch Trim Technique Download
     4. Growth Measure and 'Point Plan' Technique Download


    Management Of Matured Rubber

    No. Title Attachment
     1. Fertilize Mature Rubber Download
     2. Opening Tapping Site Technique Download
     3. Mature Rubber Tapping Technique Download
     4. Low Intensity Tapping System ( LITS) Download
     5. Stimulus Tool Usage Technique Download
     6. Usage of Rain Protection Equipment Download


    Integration

    No. Title Attachment
     1. Crop and Livestock Integration - Integration   Download


    Weed Control

    No. Title Attachment
     1. Weed Control Technique – Weed Control   Download


    Pest And Disease Control

    No. Title Attachment
     1. Root Disease Control Technique – Rubber Disease Control     Download
     2. Leaf Disease Control Technique - Leaf Disease Control Download
     3. Stem Disease Control techniques and incision site - Gum Disease Control Download
     4. Rubber Enemy Control Technique (Pest) - Pest Control Download